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Wireless Network At a glance

A wireless LAN or WLAN is a wireless local area network that uses radio waves as its carrier: the last link with the users is wireless, to give a network connection to all users in a building or campus. The backbone network usually uses cables. WLAN is expected to be an important form of connection in many business areas. The market is expected to grow as the benefits of WLAN are recognized. Frost and Sullivan estimate the WLAN market to have been 0.3 billion US dollars in 1998 and 1.6 billion dollars in 2005. So far WLANs have been installed primarily in warehouses and resellers, but are recently being installed in various kinds of schools. Large future markets are estimated to be in health care, educational institutes and corporate offices. In the business environment, meeting places, public areas and side offices would be ideal for WLAN. WLAN is an alternative to cabled LAN in places where cabling is difficult or impossible. Such places could be old protected buildings or classrooms. WLAN installations are also cheap because they consist only of the access points and backbone network installations, the last part of the network being in the air.

Early development included industry-specific solutions and proprietary protocols, but at the end of the 1990s these were replaced by standards, primarily the various versions of IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) (see separate articles) and HomeRF (2 Mbit/s, intended for home use). An alternative ATM-like 5 GHz standardized technology, HIPERLAN, has so far not succeeded in the market and might never do so. There are two possible types of infrastructure: Peer-to-peer or ad-hoc mode and the so called infrastructure mode. Peer-to-peer: This mode is a method for wireless devices to directly communicate with each other. Operating in ad-hoc mode allows wireless devices within range of each other to discover and communicate in peer-to-peer fashion without involving central access points. Infrastructure mode: This mode wireless networking bridges a wireless network to a wired Ethernet network. Infrastructure mode wireless also supports central connection points for WLAN clients. A wireless access point is required for infrastructure mode wireless networking, which serves as the central WLAN communication station.

Access Point ("Bridge")

A wireless access point (WAP or AP) is a device that "connects" wireless communication devices together to create a wireless network. A wireless access point acts as the network's arbitrator, negotiating when each nearby client device can transmit. The WAP is also usually connected to a wired network, and can relay data between devices on each side. Many access points can be connected together to create a larger network that allows "roaming" where a person using the network can move from the communication range of one WAP to another and experience no data loss. One of the most common AP types is the 802.11 or "Wireless Ethernet" access point connecting an Ethernet network to so-called "Wi-Fi" devices, but other devices (such as those connecting mobile phones to wired phone networks) can also be considered WAPs. In Wi-Fi parlance, a network with at least one active wireless access point doing its duty is said to be a managed network or an infrastructure network. In contrast, a network where the client devices manage themselves is called an ad-hoc network.

Wireless Network Adapter

A Wireless network adapter is the device that usually connects to your computer or laptop. It is the linking point between your local Ethernet Card and the Network's Access point .